by Partha Nandi, MD
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Seizure disorders affect over 50 million worldwide and 3 million Americans. Epilepsy refers to a disorder with abnormal electrical signals in the brain causing recurrent seizures. When a person has two or more unprovoked seizures, they are considered to have epilepsy or seizure disorder. Epilepsy can result in a fall or car accident or even drowning. Today, we’ll discuss this topic to educate and prevent this disabling disorder.
So what causes seizures? They are often associated with epilepsy. However, other causes including dehydration, sleep deprivation, infection, fever, and metabolic abnormalities. A family history puts you at increased risk. Head trauma and dementia can also cause seizure activity. A brain infection, like meningitis can also increase your risk.
What types of symptoms do folks with epilepsy have? They can have some confusion, temporarily, uncontrollable jerky movements of the arms and legs. Often, there is loss of consciousness or awareness.
How is a seizure disorder diagnosed? An exam and history is very important. An EEG or electroencephalogram is the most common test to diagnose epilepsy. CT scans and MRI find abnormalities of the brain causing seizure disorder. Blood tests help to find signs of electrolyte abnormalities, anemia or metabolic abnormalities.
by Partha Nandi, MD FACP
What about treatment? How do you treat seizures? Medications are the most common form of treatment. However, they can have some side effects. Surgery can also be done to help patients with seizures. In children, certain diets can be helpful.
What about prognosis? If after 6 months the patient is seizure free, the chances of another seizure in the next year is 20%. If they’re seizure free for 2 yrs, most patients can stop treatment. Epilepsy patients have a normal lifespan if they’re seizures are controlled.
Partha’s Prescriptions for Seizures
- Please take your medications every day. Don’t miss any doses. This can prevent recurrent seizures.
- Please get adequate sleep and avoid smoking and alcohol intake. These habits may help prevent further seizures.
- The social impact of seizure disorder can be severe in kids. Children should be given support to decrease isolation and increase self esteem.
- Wear a medical bracelet to identify your problem. If you have an emergency, this could save your life.
